Thermal imaging technology refers to: through non-contact detection, the infrared energy (heat) generated by the object radiation is converted into an electrical signal, and finally processed to form a thermal radiation image. The infrared energy has a longer wavelength (0.75-14 μm) and cannot be detected by the naked eye. It is part of the electromagnetic spectrum that humans perceive as heat. Unlike visible light, in the infrared spectrum, objects with temperatures above absolute zero can radiate infrared heat. The higher the temperature, the stronger the infrared energy radiated. Thermal imaging cameras are features that make efficient use of infrared heat, providing clear, efficient on-site images even in the absence of visible light, without the need for auxiliary lighting.
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Thermal Imaging Technology VS LowLightTM Low Light Technology
LowLightTM low-light technology uses high-sensitivity CCD (such as Exview HAD CCD) and DSS digital slow-motion door adjustment to improve the camera's low-light performance. The increase in exposure time makes the CCD more sensitized, thereby enhancing image brightness and sharpness. The advantages of LowLightTM low-light technology are that the device is simple (camera only), the price is popular (the technology has become popular), and the disadvantage is that the image brightness is at the expense of image continuity, and the final LowLightTM low-light technology still depends on the illumination source. Limited to the visible light spectrum. When the environment is dark, smoky or obscured, LowLightTM low-light technology is clearly at a loss.
Thermal imaging technology relies on infrared radiation imaging without relying on visible light, regardless of whether the ambient light is strong or weak, and visibility (occlusion) is high or low, which does not affect effective imaging. Therefore, thermal imaging technology completely solves the technical bottleneck that must rely on “visible light†to extend the application of video surveillance systems to a wider range.
Thermal imaging technology VS main infrared technology
Many users often have confusion about the understanding of main infrared technology and thermal imaging technology. In fact, both technologies are imaged by infrared spectroscopy, but their imaging principles are quite different.
The main infrared technology uses the CCD camera (in black and white mode) to sense the principle of near-infrared spectroscopy (0.75-1.0μm), and installs auxiliary infrared illumination equipment (such as infrared lamps) near the CCD camera, and uses the infrared light of the object to reflect the infrared source. Imaging purposes. The thermal imaging technique senses the mid- and far-infrared spectroscopy (3.0~8.0μm, 8.0~14.0μm), and uses the (uncooled) yttrium oxide micro-bolometer to sense the infrared energy image radiated by the object.
The main infrared technology has not been widely used so far. The problem lies in the technical drawbacks of infrared-assisted lighting equipment. The illumination range is small, the sensitivity is low, the energy consumption is large; the bulk is heavy, the service life is short, and the most fatal weakness is that the infrared light emitted by the infrared auxiliary illumination device is easily detected and self-exposed. Thermal imaging technology completely abandons the problematic infrared-assisted lighting equipment by sensing the infrared energy emitted from the object radiation, and fundamentally eliminates the above drawbacks and weaknesses.
Thermal imaging technology + integrated positioning technology = integrated thermal imaging positioning system
Traditionally, thermal imaging cameras are mostly used in the production, inspection, and maintenance process monitoring of various industries. Most equipment, instruments, circuits and products, buildings, etc. that are not working properly will exhibit abnormal temperature. Of course, thermal imaging technology is also widely used in the military field, but it is mostly used as an accessory for military equipment. Therefore, in order to successfully apply thermal imaging technology to the video surveillance industry, it is necessary to improve the thermal imaging camera according to the characteristics of the video surveillance industry. As a result, an integrated thermal imaging positioning system came into being. The so-called integrated thermal imaging positioning system is an innovative product combining thermal imaging technology and integrated positioning technology.
For the video surveillance industry, the "integrated positioning system" is no stranger. The integrated positioning system integrates the camera, lens, shield, pan/tilt and decoder into a single high-density integration technology. If the equipment is used outdoors, it will further integrate wipers, sunshades, fans, heaters and other accessories to cope with the harsh outdoor environment and have ideal typhoon resistance. The advantages of integrated positioning technology are that the camera has a small and beautiful appearance, convenient and safe installation, fast and accurate positioning, full-range long-distance monitoring range, and provides a wealth of excellent intelligent functions (preset position, scanning, alarm Linkage, window masking, etc.). The integrated positioning system is widely used in outdoor environments such as airports, highways, port terminals, urban road plazas, etc., and is irreplaceable in the outdoor field due to the above inherent characteristics.
Thanks to the integrated positioning system that fully represents the characteristics of the video surveillance industry, the integrated thermal imaging positioning system has entered the video surveillance industry with a new and tangible look.
Optical parameters and significance of integrated thermal imaging positioning system
Microbolometer
The microbolometer is a camera component of an integrated thermal imaging positioning system, usually available in both cooling and non-cooling types. The non-refrigerated type is preferred because the uncooled microbolometer does not require liquid nitrogen and Stirling refrigeration, and can be continuously operated without maintenance for a long period of time, has a long life and has no sound during operation, and has a short starting time. Whether used indoors or outdoors, the instrument is not affected by sunlight, weather and other hot objects.
Thermal sensitivity
It can be simply defined as the instrument or the minimum temperature at which the observer can accurately distinguish the target radiation from the background. The thermal sensitivity value is approximately small, indicating a higher thermal sensitivity.
Field of View It is an abbreviation for the field of view of the optical system and represents the spatial extent that can be imaged within the optical system image plane field stop. When the object is located at any point within the cone with the optical axis as the axis and the apex angle is the angle of view (within a certain distance), it can be found by the optical system, that is, in the field diaphragm of the image plane of the optical system, that is, The maximum opening angle of the object space that an object can image in a thermal imaging camera is called the field of view, and is generally a matrix field of view of ao×βo. Similar to the concept of effective pixels in CCD cameras. The larger the field of view, the higher the image clarity.
Pixel size
The pixel size refers to the size of each pixel in the field of view of the ao×βo matrix. In general, the smaller the pixel size, the higher the thermal sensitivity.
Spectral response
This refers to the response range of the thermal imaging camera to the infrared spectrum, usually with two response ranges: mid-infrared and far-infrared. Far-infrared spectroscopy (8.0-14.0 μm) is preferred because the mid-infrared spectrum (3.0-8.0 μm) has a shorter wavelength and is more permeable to some substances, making it impossible to image normally.
Field temperature range
The on-site temperature range is the maximum temperature that a thermal imaging camera can sense. Once the object exceeds this temperature, the camera will not be able to give an edge image. This is similar to the light supersaturation phenomenon of ordinary CCD cameras. The higher the temperature range, the wider the dynamic range of the image of the thermal imaging camera.
In addition, in order to facilitate the reader to identify the above parameters, the specification parameters of a brand integrated thermal imaging positioning system are taken as examples:
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· Sensitivity: <40mk@F1.0;
· field format (array format): 320 × 240;
· Pixel size: 38 μm;
· Spectral response: 7.5-13.5 μm, far infrared sensing (LWIR);
· Scene temp range: up to 150 ° C, up to 560 ° C (optional);
· Display format: White Hot, Black Hot, Sepia, Rainbow.
Typical application of integrated thermal imaging positioning system
Military alert
The integrated thermal imaging positioning system can see the bridge, dam, pipeline, power station or platform with only a small temperature change of the object, and any building can be seen at a glance. Any environmental activities, animals, humans, are within sight. It is worth mentioning that, whether the scene is in the dark, dense fog and smoke, or the presence of foliage and other obstructions, the integrated thermal imaging camera can still be the first to find suspicious targets, priority to the naked eye and even high-definition high-definition standard camera. .
Manufacturing processing
Qualification and safety testing of manufactured products and equipment. When many products and equipment have quality problems, abnormal temperature changes such as leakage, short circuit, and breakage often occur. The integrated thermal imaging positioning system can display and reflect on the image immediately after the problem occurs, which enhances the safety management of the process and saves the manpower monitoring.
Petrochemical
Safe monitoring of furnace temperature, liquid location in the vessel, electrical machinery, transportation piping, and petrochemical processing. The petrochemical industry is a high-risk monitoring field. There are often flammable and explosive materials in the environment. The site needs to avoid personnel access, and most leaks and explosions are pre-characterized as temperature anomalies. Integrated thermal imaging positioning system is a safety partner in the petrochemical industry.
Forest fire prevention
Forest fire prevention warnings protect major projects of forestry property in China. At present, the forest fire prevention monitoring mostly adopts a high-magnification pan/tilt camera. However, due to the limited zoom magnification of the camera and the luxuriant cover of the forest foliage, the fire detection and alarm rate are relatively low. The integrated thermal imaging positioning system can overcome the problem of occlusion and remote monitoring, and fundamentally enhance the early detection of fire (temperature change). At the same time, the integrated thermal imaging positioning system has a wide range of monitoring, agile and flexible, accurate positioning and intelligent development, and brings benefits to the rapid warning mechanism of forest monitoring.
Electric power metall
Application areas such as substations, power plants, and steel plants are also the highlights of integrated thermal imaging positioning systems. It is normal to detect whether the current accumulates heat through the resistance contact, and whether the refractory material inside the torpedo filled with molten iron is damaged is undoubtedly the most important monitoring of the electric metallurgy industry.
Other industries, such as road paving, construction engineering, scientific research and animal health, are all occasions where integrated thermal imaging positioning systems perform their functions.
Conclusion
The introduction of integrated thermal imaging positioning system has enabled the video surveillance industry to enter a new era of imaging technology applications. Thermal imaging technology has completely broken the bottleneck of the "light limit" of CCD cameras, opening up a new development space for the global market. It is believed that in the future, the integrated thermal imaging positioning system will replace the CCD camera in a large number of application fields, and become a new video security partner integrating various monitoring functions (security monitoring, equipment monitoring, process monitoring, etc.).
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