According to a recent report from the American Physicists Organization Network, American scientists said that their experiments proved that the slim plasma nano-antenna array can accurately control light in novel ways, change the phase of light, and create negative refraction. The latest The research is expected to enable scientists to develop new optical devices such as more powerful photonic computers. Related research was published in the journal Science on December 22.
The leader of the study, Vladimir Sarichev, head of the Nanophotonics department at the Purdue Nanotechnology Research Center at Purdue University, said: "By greatly changing the phase of light, we can significantly change The way light propagates, therefore, opens the door for many potential applications. "The phase of light refers to the alternating waveform changes that photon vibrates as the light wave progresses. When the same light wave passes through materials with different refractive indices, the phase changes.
In October of this year, a scientific research team led by Federico Capasso, a professor of electrical engineering at Harvard University, wrote in Science that they used a new technology to induce the path of light, making Snell ’s Law, which has been used for many years challenge. Snell's law states that when light enters another medium from one medium, the phase does not change suddenly at the junction of the two mediums. Experiments at Harvard University have shown that through the use of a new type of "metamaterial", the phase and propagation direction of light can change dramatically. This research found that when predicting light from one medium into another, it is different from the classic laws of refraction and reflection, which can create negative refraction phenomena and the polarization of light can also be controlled.
Purdue University ’s research team has taken a step further, creating a nano-antenna array and greatly changing the phase and propagation direction of near-infrared light waves with a wavelength of light between 1 micrometer (one millionth of a meter) and 1.9 micrometers. . Sarichev said: "We extend the research of Harvard University to the near-infrared region. Near-infrared, especially the light with a wavelength of 1.5 microns, is essential for communication. The information transmitted through the optical fiber uses this wavelength. The latest The research will be very practical in the field of communications. We also prove that this is not a single-frequency effect and is applicable to many bands, so it can be widely used in many technical fields. "
These nano-antennas are V-shaped structures made of gold etched over a layer of silicon. They are a kind of "metamaterial" (generally so-called plasma structures) with a width of 40 nanometers. Scientists have also proven that they can pass light through an ultra-thin "plasma nano-antenna layer" that is only one-fiftieth the wavelength of the light wave.
Scientists explain that each material has its own refractive index, which describes how much light bends in it. The refractive index of all natural materials including glass, water, air, etc. is positive, and the new ultra-thin plasma nano-antenna layer can cause light to greatly change its direction of propagation, and even produce negative refraction, using traditional materials. Can't do this.
This innovation is expected to allow people to guide the laser and change the shape of the laser to be used in the military and communications fields; it will help scientists develop nano circuits in photonic computers that use light to process information and powerful new lenses.
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