(1) Real-time collection, transmission, calculation and analysis of important operating data of tailings ponds, including reservoir water level, rainfall in the reservoir area, displacement of dam body (setting of reservoir bank displacement as required), seepage of dam body, seepage behind dam As well as dry beach video surveillance, dam video surveillance, etc., the safety status of the overall operation of the tailings warehouse is grasped in real time.
(2) Visually display the historical changes and current status of various monitoring and monitoring information and data, providing simple, clear, intuitive, and effective information for mine safety production managers.
(3) In the event of an emergency anomaly (such as the reservoir water level exceeds the flood protection level, the length of the dry beach is less than the maximum length, the dam displacement rate exceeds the alarm threshold, the dam seepage line is abnormally high, and the post-dam flow is abnormally high. ), The system can issue early warning information (including sound and light alarm [optional], system alarm window and sound alarm, monitor large-screen alarm window alarm, graded mobile phone SMS alarm, etc.).
(4) Conditionally-available security monitoring information in the reservoir area at the mining area management center, mine safety management leadership office/home, mine management company's security management leadership office/home, mine safety-affected area administrative authority leadership office/home, and mine There are multiple levels of sharing among the county, city and provincial safety production department leadership offices/homes.
(5) The conditional availability of the early warning information for the tailings warehouse can be achieved for the above managements, and it can also directly target the employees of the mining area and nearby streets, communities, important public settings and important public gathering places. (1) The first, second, third, and fourth tailings reservoirs should be monitored for displacement, saturation lines, dry beaches, reservoir water levels, and precipitation, and if necessary, pore water pressure, permeate flow, and turbidity should also be monitored. The fifth-class tailings reservoir should be monitored for displacement, saturation lines, dry beaches, and reservoir water levels.
(2) An on-line monitoring system shall be installed for the first, second and third tailing stocks, and an online monitoring system shall be installed for the fourth-class tailings stock.
(3) The surface displacement monitoring section should be selected at the section with the maximum dam height, the section where the drainage pipe passes through, the section where the geological change of the foundation is relatively large, and the location where the abnormal reaction occurs. The distance between measuring points is generally 20 to 100 meters when the dam length is less than 300 meters, 50 to 200 meters when the dam length is greater than 300 meters, and 100 to 300 meters when the dam length is greater than 1000 meters. The horizontal monitoring section should be arranged in a row with a height difference of 30 to 60m, and generally not less than 3 rows.
(4) The layout of the internal displacement monitoring section shall be determined by the classification of the tailings dam, the type and construction method of the dam, the geological topography, etc. It shall be arranged at the maximum dam height section and other characteristic sections (the original river bed, geology and For complex sections of terrain, weak sections of construction and construction, etc., 1 to 3 sections may be set. One to three monitoring vertical lines can be laid on each monitoring section, one of which should be arranged near the axis of the dam. The vertical monitoring profile should be formed as far as possible to monitor the layout of vertical lines. Monitoring the spacing of the measuring points on the vertical line shall be determined according to the height of the dam, the structural form, the characteristics of the dam material, and the construction method and quality, etc., generally 2 to 10 m. Three to 15 measuring points should be arranged on each monitoring vertical line. The next measuring point should be placed on the surface of the dam foundation to measure the settlement of the dam foundation. When conditions permit, internal vertical displacement monitoring can be arranged with reference to the above requirements.
(5) The seepage monitoring cross-section should be selected from cross-sections of dams that are representative and can control the main seepage conditions, and cross-sections where abnormal seepage is expected to occur, generally not less than 3, and try to combine with the displacement monitoring section. . Monitoring the layout of the survey points on the cross-section should be based on the dam structure, section size, and seepage field characteristics. One lead line should be placed on the top of the stacking dam, the upstream slope of the initial dam, and the leading edge of the downstream drainage body. A lead line should be laid every 20 to 40 m in the area. The depth should be determined with reference to the actual depth of the soaking line. In the seepage inlet and outlet sections, in the soil layer where the seepage anisotropy is obvious, and in the larger amplitude of the saturation line, the measurement points shall be laid along different maximum elevations according to the expected maximum amplitude of the saturation line, and the number of measurement points on each lead line shall be Generally not less than two.
(6) The dry beach monitoring should be based on the length of the dam and the bending of the water line. Choose from 1 to 3 sections with a short length of dry beach. The measurement section shall be arranged perpendicular to the dam axis. In several measurement results, the smallest one shall be selected as the length of the depositional beach dry bank of the tailings pond. A dry beach length scale should be established at Dry Beach, with 50m intervals for long dry beaches and 10m for smaller ones.
(7) The location of the reservoir water level measurement points shall be determined according to the dam type, dam construction and tailing method, and shall be set in a place where the basic energy can represent the stable water level in the reservoir and which can meet the needs of project management and monitoring data analysis. Generally, it should be arranged on the drainage structures inside the reservoir (such as drainage wells, drainage chutes, etc.). The monitoring equipment generally adopts a water gauge or a self-recording water level meter, and a remote water level gauge or an automatic water level gauge may be provided when conditions are met. Its extended reading height should be higher than the designed flood level. The zero point of the monitoring point should be calibrated once every 3 to 5 years. When it is suspected that there is a change in the zero point of the water rule, it should be checked in time. Water level monitoring error should be less than 20mm.
(8) Rainfall gauges are used for rainfall monitoring in the reservoir area, and can be used by self-reporting rain gauges, telemetering rain gauges or automatic rain gauges when conditions permit.
(9) Video surveillance can reasonably arrange video surveillance points according to actual conditions and needs.
(10) The on-line monitoring system shall include parts such as automatic data collection, transmission, storage, processing analysis and comprehensive early warning, and the ability to achieve timely monitoring under various climatic conditions. The on-line monitoring system should be powered by a dedicated power supply. The on-site lighting power supply should not be used directly. The system power supply should have regulated and over-voltage protection measures to avoid being affected by excessive local power supply fluctuations. The system should have reliable lightning protection measures. The system grounding should be reliable and the grounding resistance should meet the grounding requirements of the electrical equipment. Cables should be protected, especially outdoor cables should be laid in cable trenches or cable protection tubes. Sensors that are sensitive to the surrounding environment should be protected; equipment installed outside the dam should consider the effects of sunlight, temperature, sand, and other inclement weather on monitoring equipment, and special protective measures should be taken when necessary.