It is estimated that your phone is full of angry birds, cut fruit, and even various time-consuming applications, but have you heard of a mobile phone application that can diagnose cancer? This magical application has recently been developed by foreign scientists. It is said that after installing this application, the physician will be able to know whether the tumor is a cancer mass or benign within 60 minutes. You don't need to go to the hospital, you don't need to queue, just need to take your own mobile phone to test, you can know the diagnosis.
We all know that when a tumor is suspected of being a tumor, oncologists do not immediately remove all of these masses. Instead, they use a thick needle to obtain some of the cells on the mass for pathological analysis. Traditional pathological analysis experiments (including examination of cell shape and coloring experiments for some proteins) sometimes fail to reach definitive conclusions, and such pathological analysis experiments often take a long time. But at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, a team of physicians and scientists Ralph Weissleder developed a handheld magnetic resonance (DMR) diagnostic device that diagnoses cancer in an hour, with extremely high accuracy. Complete. Compared with the usual surgery and core acupuncture biopsy, DMR technology can greatly alleviate the suffering of patients.
What is magnetic resonance?
What is magnetic resonance in the end? From a scientific point of view, the basic principle of magnetic resonance technology is to use a certain frequency of electromagnetic waves to illuminate the nucleus in the magnetic field. The nucleus undergoes magnetic resonance under the action of electromagnetic waves, absorbs the energy of the electromagnetic wave, and then emits electromagnetic waves, that is, emits magnetic resonance signals. . Since the frequencies of different nuclear nucleus absorption and divergence electromagnetic waves are different, and this frequency is also related to the nuclear environment, the structural composition of the substance and its density distribution can be analyzed based on the magnetic resonance signals. Popular, we can understand by the principle of the compass. The magnetic force between the magnets and the magnetic field of the Earth causes the compass to point north and align along the Earth's magnetic field, producing a magnetic resonance frequency. When placing an electromagnet between the two poles of the compass, if you energize the electromagnet, the direction of the guide array will be rearranged. However, if you are using AC power, the pointer will vibrate back and forth.
If the frequency of the alternating current is equal to the frequency of the magnetic resonance, there will be a net energy transfer to the pointer, the amplitude of the pointer will increase, and more energy will be absorbed from the alternating magnetic field. When the pointer absorbs energy from the AC magnetic field, it is required to provide new energy to compensate for the energy loss of the AC magnetic field. DMR technology is capable of detecting the loss of magnetic energy by measuring samples in an alternating magnetic field.
Weissleder's DMR is the world's smallest cancer diagnostic system and a small magnetic resonance device. In this system, a permanent magnet with a diameter of 8 cm and a height of 5.5 cm was used to replace the giant superconducting magnet. Designed for small DMR applications, this magnet provides a magnetic field with a radius of 1.2 cm (0.5 inch) and a strength of 0.5 Tesla, which is 1.5 to 3 tes smaller than most MRI machines. Pull, but this intensity is still 10,000 times the Earth's magnetic field.
The DMR probe placed in the permanent region of the permanent magnet consists of a microfluidic network, a sample chamber of the DMR, and a microcoil. The biopsy specimen in the microfluidic network is mixed with magnetic particle antibodies, and the microcoil also provides an alternating magnetic field to the sample. In addition, DMR electronics consist of commercial integrated circuits, including microcontrollers, radio frequency (RF) generators, data acquisition units, and a radio frequency transceiver, all of which must meet approximately 20 cm & TImes; 8 cm (8 & TImes; 3.15 inches) The modular platform is estimated to cost thousands of dollars.
How to diagnose cancer?
The MGH team did a series of experiments on cancer diagnosis, in which they attached nanomagnetic particles to specific cancer cell antibodies. When these labeled magnetic particles are mixed with cellular material from a patient's biopsy, the antibody will attach to the cell membrane to label the cancer cells.
Weissleder's team quickly discovered that all labeled cancers in the test were not the exact basis. His team tested tumor biopsy samples from 50 cancer patients. According to the experimental results, a group of four cancer marker samples with DMR signals were appropriately weighted to know that there were 48 cancer cells in 50 samples.
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