At this year's International Consumer Electronics Show (CES 2016), HDR has become another focus of attention in the television field following 4K. LG, Samsung and Sony's three well-known TV manufacturers have demonstrated new TV products supporting HDR display, such as LG's SIGNATURE 4K OLED series, Sony's X9300D series and Samsung's borderless quantum dot SUHD TV. TCL, a domestic manufacturer, also launched a new QUHD TV model X1, which uses Dolby's latest HDR technology and also supports HDR display. Undoubtedly, in the coming year, HDR will become a popular keyword and development trend in the TV industry and begin to enter the public's view.
I. Overview of CES 2016 major HDR television
This year's CES, in addition to VR has attracted a great deal of attention, in the field of video, the new HDR TV has become a major new product recommended by major manufacturers. HDR presents a brighter, clearer, more realistic picture than ordinary high-definition and ultra-high-definition televisions, attracting a large number of visitors to stop and experience. The following will introduce several representative HDR TV products.
1.1 Sony: X9300D Series and X8500D Series
The X9300D series TV is equipped with a new network-based backlight illumination structure based on "dynamic backlight system - Elite Edition". The maximum brightness is up to 4 000 nit (1 nit = 1 cd/m2), which enables more delicate colors and more vividness. Dark contrast effect. In addition, the X9300D has a slim wall effect in the form of the fuselage, only 36.7 mm from the wall after the wall. The TV was first pre-sold in China in early 2016, of which 55 in (1 in = 2.54 cm) was priced at 14,999 yuan and 65 in was priced at 21,999 yuan.
The X8500D series is positioned at mid-to-high end and uses 4K processing chip X1, 4K sharp image processing engine PRO, and Terricolor display technology to better represent HDR details. The series also has 55 in and 65 in two sizes, priced at 8,999 yuan and 15,999 yuan respectively.
1.2 LG : Signature Series, G6 Series and E6 Series
LG released several HDR 4K OLED TVs at CES 2016. These TV models use Dolby Vision technology to support the next-generation broadcast transmission standard BT.2020, equipped with LG's latest Web OS 3.0 smart TV system. In appearance, the "Picture-on-Glass" design is used, and its thickness is only 2.57 mm. The current pricing and opening date of the new televisions have not yet been announced.
1.3 Samsung: Quantum Dot SUHD Series
The new generation of SUHD TVs released by Samsung in 2016 has added HDR capabilities to the 4K screen. The screen uses a 10-bit quantum dot technology with a brightness of 1 000 nit. The TVs are equipped with the Tizen operating system, built-in IoT HUB technology, and have 5 models of 49 to 88 inches. The selling price and launch date have not yet been announced.
Second, HDR profile
HDR, full name High Dynamic Range, ie high dynamic range. Generally speaking, HDR can expand the brightness range of the display, reveal more details of highlights and shadows, bring richer colors and more vivid and natural details to the picture, which makes the television picture closer to the human eye. If 4K resolution is an increase in the number of pixels, then HDR display technology is an upgrade of pixel quality. Compared with 4K resolution, the visual shock caused by HDR technology is more obvious. Regardless of the size of the screen and the distance of the viewing distance, its effect on the improvement of the picture quality is obvious.
Currently, 4K resolution has become the standard for major TV manufacturers' flagship products, and HDR as the next step in the development of ultra-high-definition has become the new darling of terminal manufacturing. In recent months, several UHD broadcast tests in the industry have used 4K HDR standard content. At CES 2016, both LG and Samsung used the ATSC 3.0 standard for a 4K HDR broadcast demonstration. In addition, the production of HDR content has begun to emerge. In online video, streaming media giant Amazon has taken the lead in launching its first 4K HDR episode "Mozart in the Jungle" last June. Netflix has also transformed its home-made play "Marco Polo" into a format that supports HDR display. It can be imagined that in 2016, it will be the year of standardization and industrialization of HDR.
Third, introduction of HDR technology
The “dynamic range†in the HDR concept refers to the ratio between the lightest and darkest parts of an image.
The range of brightness that can be felt by the human eye is about 10-3 to 106 nit, and the instantaneous contrast range that can be felt can reach 10,000:1, while the brightness of current consumer-grade LCD monitors is generally about 300 to 400 nit, and the brightness range is generally 2000. :1. It can be seen that the brightness of human eyes is much higher than the current mainstream display devices. The HDR display technology is to increase the brightness range of the display, so as to make the display brightness brighter, it also makes the rendered black even darker.
The current limit of display contrast is determined by the ITU BT.709 standard released in 1990. In order to achieve the best viewing effect, the electro-optical transfer function (EOTF) in this standard is based on the characteristics of past CRT displays. However, the brightness of a CRT display generally does not exceed 100 nits. For a display with a brightness of 400 nits or even 1000 nits, the BT.709 standard has limited the presentation of the best display effect. Therefore, many organizations in the broadcast and television world have proposed new HDR display technologies to achieve higher dynamic range display.
The key to HDR display technology is the definition of the electro-optical transfer function (EOTF) and the photoelectric conversion function (OETF), that is, the conversion rule between the electrical signal and the optical signal. At present, there are mainly two new electro-optical conversion schemes to replace the gamma curve used in the CRT era. One is the perceptual quantizer (PQ) proposed by Dolby Laboratories' Dobly Vision HDR solution, and the second is the logistic gamma distribution (HLG) jointly developed by BBC and NHK. The Dolby PQ can achieve 107 high dynamic range with a 12-bit color depth, and its brightness range is 10-3 to 104 nit. The scheme determines the requirements of the quantization bit according to the threshold of brightness resolution of the human eye at the display end, which is consistent with human visual physiology and visual psychology, and the use of quantization bits is more economical. The HLG proposed by the BBC and NHK respectively decodes the highlight and low-light components contained in the HDR signal in two different ways. The low-light part uses the standard gamma curve (this is the basic standard of BT.709). The same), while the high-light part (over 100nit) uses a logarithmic curve, which is compatible with SDR Ultra HDTV while supporting HDR.
However, different HDR technologies require corresponding display devices to perform decoding adjustments. A TV that can display Dobly Vision HDR content may not show the HDR content produced by the BBC. This has caused some obstacles to the large-scale promotion of HDR technology. Therefore, the standardization has become a problem that needs to be solved in the development of HDR under the condition that the technical conditions are already available.
IV. HDR standardization
At present, industry standards organizations around the world have already invested in the formulation of HDR standards. In March 2015, the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) first published the SMPTE ST 2084, which adopted the PQ curve of Dolby Vision. This standard was adopted by other industry organizations as its own standard system of electro-optic conversion standards.
1, Blu-ray Disc Association (BDA)
BDA is committed to the development of ultra-high definition Blu-ray series of standards. On May 12, 2015, BDA announced the completion of the Ultra-HD Blu-ray standard and trademark. The standard will include 4K resolution of 3840x2160 pixels, wide color gamut (upgrade to BT.2020 standard), high frame rate (60fps), etc. It will be authorized from August 24, 2015.
In addition, the standard will support open HDR using the 10-bit HEVC encoding and the SMPTE ST 2084 standard, while preparing to use Dolby Vision and Philip recommendations as an option. BDA will also use 10-bit encoding and wide color gamut for current SDR content.
2. US Consumer Electronics Association (CEA)
In August 2015, the CEA initially drafted its support for HDR technology in the television and display industry products and defined “compatible HDR monitorsâ€. These include: At least one interface in a television, monitor, or projector that can support HDR technology, and in compliance with the provisions of digital television specification document CEA-861-F and uncompressed video specification CEA-861.3. In addition, HDR10 media transmission standards must also be supported. For example, HDR video can be played via IPTV or HDR video can be transmitted via the HDMI interface.
The HDR10 media profile needs to support the following: SMPET ST 2084 electro-optical conversion standard; color sampling: 4:2:0; bit depth: 10 bits; color space compliant with BT.2020; support for metadata SMPTE ST 2086).
3, UHD Alliance
At the beginning of this year's CES 2016, the Ultra HD Alliance released the "Ultra HD Premium" 4K/HDR certification mark. It requires a device resolution of 38,202,160, a color depth of 10 bits, and support for BT.2020 color gamut signal input. The display covers more than 90% of the DCI-P3 gamut space. In terms of HDR display, this standard requires: compliance with the SMPTE ST2084 electro-optical conversion standard; peak brightness and black level reach one of the following:
(1) Brightness above 1000 nits/black level below 0.05 nits (mainly for LCD monitors)
(2) Brightness above 540 nits/black level below 0.0005 nits (mainly for OLED displays)
In addition, according to the “HDR Imaging Ecosystem†report issued by the SMPTE research team in September 2015, other organizations’ plans for the development of HDR standards are as follows:
ATSC: Considering Transferring HDR Content to ATSC 3.0 Terrestrial Broadcasting Standards
SCTE (Wired and Communication Engineering Association): Start researching future HDR wired transmission
MPEG: Evaluate the impact of HDR and consider whether the various tools in the HEVC compression standard need to be adjusted. Streaming media delivery of HDR content is yet to be defined.
Japan ARIB Releases a Standard for Photoelectric Conversion Function (OETF) (ARIB STD-B67)
NHK has announced a schedule for the transmission of HDR WCG images
European DVB is actively seeking home options for HDR transmission
ITU-R SG-6 Forms Rapporteur Group (RG24) Recommendations for HDR Television Systems
V. Development prospects of HDR
HDR is not an isolated technology, but part of the overall planning of Ultra HDTV. Along with HDR's high-brightness range display, there will also be higher color depth and a larger color space range. The higher the color depth, the more colors that can be supported. The increase of color depth not only increases the gray value of the image, but also makes the visual transition of the same color system smoother, avoiding obvious stratification when expressing the gradient color. The new generation of ultra-high definition specification ITU BT.2020 will also have 70% more color range than BT.709, especially in the high brightness areas of green, yellow and cyan. In the HDR standards that have now been released, the color depth and color space have been stipulated accordingly. These parameter enhancements together bring about a "better pixel" display.
HDR technology will be added to 4K or even 8K TVs, combining "better pixels" with "more pixels" to redefine the TV picture.
According to IHS forecasts, shipments of HDR TVs meeting the acceptance criteria of the Ultra HD Alliance are expected to surge from 2.9 million units in 2016 to 32.6 million units in 2019. In its latest European ultra-high-definition market forecast, IHS stated that HDR TVs are expected to enter the market in the second quarter of this year, and sales will increase significantly in 2017. By 2019, HDR models will occupy the total sales of ultra-high-definition televisions. 38% of the amount. In addition, ABI Research predicts that by 2020, 70% of 4K ultra high-definition televisions will support new technologies such as high dynamic range (HDR), wider color gamut, high frame rates, and immersive audio. At the same time, compared with the impact of emerging services such as VR on ordinary consumer usage habits, HDR, like Ultra HD, is more “approachableâ€, and therefore it is based on technological breakthroughs, rapid standardization progress, and HDR TV terminals. Market trends, the future HDR TV will usher in a period of rapid development in the market.
Detachable Earbuds,Earphones With Detachable Cable,Earbuds With Detachable Cable,Earbuds With Replaceable Cable
Dongguang Vowsound Electronics Co., Ltd. , https://www.vowsound.com