OLED/Laser Display/Micro LED Status Interpretation: Who will have the most money in the future?

In the layout of high-generation LCD panel production lines, China has been passively following the trend and taking the initiative. The 10.5 generation line investment has created a new competitive landscape for the global LCD panel industry. However, in addition to mainstream TFT-LCDs, display technologies now include OLEDs, QLEDs, printed displays, Micro LEDs, and laser displays.
Guan Xudong, a professor of Microelectronics at the School of Information Science and Technology of Peking University, pointed out that it is necessary to guard against the possibility of liquid crystal being impacted by other display technologies. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen forward-looking technology research and development and focus on non-liquid crystal display technologies. Which one is the future display technology that is most worthy of China's layout?
OLED technology has been supported by the state's key support for the production of LCD panels in the upper reaches of the industry. In the past two years, large screens have become a trend in the TV market. At present, the domestic 55-inch TV has become the mainstream size of TVs, and it is still 65 inches. The above market is moving forward. According to forecasts, LCD TVs with a size of 65 inches or more in 2018 may account for about 8.7% of the entire TV market. By 2020, LCD TVs with 70 inches or more will account for 10%.
In the face of large-size TV products, global panel companies are rushing to lay out ultra-high-generation LCD panel production lines (10 generations or more). After BOE and Huaxing Optoelectronics invested in the construction of two more than 10 generations of panel production lines, Foxconn, LGD, Weike, CEC and other companies have also begun to lay out ultra-high-generation LCD panel production lines. According to statistics, there will be 8 LCD panel production lines with more than 10 generations in the world.

Compared with the LCD panel production line, although the domestic ultra-high generation OLED production line is still in a vacant state, domestic panel makers have already begun to develop printed OLED technology. According to Changchang Chang, senior consultant of TCL Research Institute, it is good to make small size OLEDs by vapor deposition process, but to do large-size OLED yields is relatively low, and the cost is too high, and Samsung has given up. The use of printing processes to make OLEDs can reduce costs. So as early as 2012, Yan Xiaolin, vice president of TCL Group and president of the Institute, first proposed in China. Printing display is an important direction to break through the bottleneck of large-size OLED display technology.
In 2014, Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology approved the establishment of the Guangdong Printing Display Technology Innovation Alliance with the industry giant as the core and the university’s top intellectual resources, followed by the establishment of the public R&D open platform for printing OLED display technology, and the establishment of Guangdong Juhua Printing. Display Technology Co., Ltd.
Moreover, China has made printing OLED technology one of the key support projects in the “13th Five-Year Plan” national key R&D program. The drafting of national new material major projects has also included the printing of OLED technology.
In 2016, Guangdong Juhua Printing Display Technology Co., Ltd. (TCL's China Star Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. and Tianma Microelectronics Co., Ltd. jointly injected capital) signed strategic cooperation agreements with US companies such as DuPont, Sumitomo Chemical, Nissan Chemical, and Cody, USA. It will support Juhua's materials and process requirements in the development of printing OLED technology and tailor-made related R&D equipment for Juhua.
Zhu Changchang pointed out that Huaxing Optoelectronics, Guangzhou New Vision Optoelectronics and Fuzhou University jointly researched and printed OLED, and has made 31-inch FHD printing OLED samples. Juhua’s factory building in Guangzhou Science City is now under construction and is entering the equipment commissioning stage. The test line can be opened by the end of August.
China's laser display technology is comparable to that of foreign countries, whether it is the research and development of printing OLED technology or the investment of high-generation LCD panel production lines, mainly the manufacturers of the above-mentioned tour panel, and the laser display layout is mainly based on the downstream machine manufacturers.
In the past two or three years, laser television has entered the fast lane of development. In addition to the accelerating deployment of color TV brands such as Hisense and Changhong, Xiaomi, Sony, Kansang, and Xiao Wei are also actively deploying laser televisions.
Xu Lixin, a professor at the School of Physics at the University of Science and Technology of China, pointed out in an interview that China's laser display technology is comparable to foreign countries and has its own advantages. Foreign countries are more advanced in the development of driver chips and semiconductor light sources, while China has certain advantages in optical engines, dissipation speckles, and light efficiency technologies.
According to the reporter, the Hisense laser optical engine is 100% self-developed and designed, and 70% of the cost of the whole machine is in its own hands. Changhong also speeds up the layout of the laser television industry chain. On June 15th, Changhong built an annual production capacity of 150,000 sets of laser light machines and mainframe integrated standard laser display production lines, accelerating the development of Changhong's laser display industry. And now the industry is accelerating the development of full-color laser projection technology, the use of narrow-band red, green and blue three-color laser to synthesize white light, in the true sense of the laser "full-color" display. Under such circumstances, Chinese manufacturers are actively promoting the application of "full-color" laser display technology. It is revealed that Hisense will launch full-color laser television next year.
In the past two or three years, Micro LED has attracted much attention. In addition to LCDs, printed displays, and laser displays, many companies are also developing technologies such as QLEDs, Micro LEDs, and holographic displays. Among them, Micro LED has attracted much attention in these two or three years. Mainly affected by Apple's acquisition of Luxvue. According to Liang Qingxin, executive vice chairman and secretary general of the Liquid Crystal Branch of the China Optics and Optoelectronics Industry Association, Apple has transferred the Micro LED R&D team to Taiwan, where Apple has a 4.5-generation TFT production line acquired from Qualcomm. Mainly used for panel analysis certification and Micro LED R&D.
In fact, our research institutes began to develop Micro LED technology very early. As early as 2006, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology team used passive driving to use flip chip technology to integrate Micro-LED arrays. 2010 Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Z. J. Liu's team used three red, green, and blue LED epitaxial wafers to produce a 360-ppi micro LED display chip. And Z. J. Liu’s Hong Kong University of Science and Technology team and Sun Yat-sen University team worked together to increase the resolution of the micro LED display to 1700 ppi and the pixel pitch to 12 micron.
Most LED manufacturers in China have small revenues and pay more attention to the LED commercial market itself, but they have less investment in forward-looking technologies such as Micro LED. In 2015, Ryad introduced the ultra-thin P 0.9 mm HD seamless wall, which is the first LED display in the market with mass production below 1 mm pitch, but it is mainly used in the field of indoor surveillance. The technical team of Jiangsu Zhongchuang Chip Technology Co., Ltd. made a breakthrough in the design and manufacture of GaN micro LED micro-display chips and demonstrated the CMOS-driven high-brightness, low-power green Micro LED active display micro-display chip with a resolution up to 1000ppi, medium-range brightness reaches 50000cd/m2.
Experts advocate that LCD should be "protected" and "guarded"

From the layout of domestic enterprise display technologies, it can be seen that the current situation is different from the era when the CRT shifted to the flat panel only when the LCD and PDP were both strong, but entered the Warring States Period, LCD, OLED, printed display, QLED, Micro LED, Laser display technology and other "explicit" future generations.
Faced with so many display technologies, how should China lay out a layout so that it can maintain its leading edge in the era of large screens?
Hu Chunming, deputy secretary-general of the China Optics and Optoelectronics Industry Association Liquid Crystal Subcommittee, points out that China’s most competitive LCD is still the first. The first construction of the 10.5- or 11-generation production line has enabled China’s industry to take the initiative and adapt to large-size displays such as TVs. The demand of the screen has ensured China's advantages in this area in the short and medium term.
Guan Xudong also pointed out that the biggest advantage of the display industry in mainland China is the large-size panel manufacturing industry. BOE and Huaxing Optoelectronics have each invested in an LCD panel production line with 10.5 generation or more, and they have obtained the first-mover advantage, and they also have an extra code. High-end LCD panel production line plans, and South Korean manufacturers do not seem willing to vote, so the mainland to do a strong display industry, the first breakthrough is the large-size LCD panel, "shou" live there.
However, many people in China are worried about the excess production capacity of LCD panels. How to digest these production capacity is a difficult problem facing panel manufacturers. Therefore, the most important thing is to provide large-size LCD panels to the sea. Now, large-size LCD panels still do not see a new application market, so Liang Qingxin believes that combining large size with high resolution, seizes the opportunity for the use of 8K broadcasting in the 2020 Olympic Games in Japan, and promotes the opening of 4K and 8K channels for domestic broadcasting and television, This is the only way out for large-size LCD panels in China.
Yan Yi, a researcher at the Electronic Information Industry Research Institute of the Thinkpad Electronic Research Institute, also pointed out that China has already bid farewell to the era of lack of screens. Now it is critical to see how the downstream panel industry can be used to counteract the effects. For example, driving the development of 4K and 8K applications and driving downstream applications to drive upstream Development of size, high resolution panels.
At the same time, China should continue to improve the industrial chain support and breakthrough core technologies. At present, China has faced patent torture. It is understood that the German company Merck, which provides display materials, has already issued a patent license, but it does not directly target panel makers, but suggests that terminal manufacturers should not use patent-infringive LCD panels.
Dare to "overtake" on emerging displays
Opposite to large-size liquid crystals is a large-size OLED. Yuan Tong, executive deputy secretary-general of the China Electronic Materials Industry Association, pointed out that OLEDs have advantages of higher contrast, higher color saturation, and curved surface display in replacing some small and medium-size display screens, and they are also used in high-end large-size TV display markets. Maintain rapid rapid growth rate, but due to the fact that the cost is 2.3 times the cost of LCD panels, there are still many production technologies, supporting materials and other issues that need to be resolved in the G8.5 generation and above production lines, so it is expected that by 2022, large-size OLED TVs will be Market share is still a relatively small share.
At present, only LGD can mass-produce large-size OLEDs, but OLED TV manufacturers have expanded from the original 5 to 13 this year, and the market is gradually expanding. Does China have to follow LGD's large-size OLED like medium and small size AMOLED? Technical line?
Yan Yi pointed out in an interview that LGD introduced a large-size OLED panel using WRGB technology. From the perspective of display effect and thinness, it is relatively competitive, but its cost is still too high to compete with mainstream TFT-LCD, so Or not talking to LGD's technology line is a question worth considering for domestic panel companies. The application of printing technology to the manufacture of large-size OLED display screens is the direction of industry efforts. Theoretically, the cost can be reduced. It is still a relatively long time before the mass production.
In China, companies like Juhua are already researching and trying to overcome the problems of ink life, inkjet printing equipment, and so on. Zhu Changchang said that now printing OLEDs has formed four major camps: China, South Korea, Japan, and the United States. The Korean camp is dominated by Samsung and LG. Japan is dominated by JOLED, and the United States is mainly responsible for printing OLED equipment. China's printing OLED started earlier and is basically in the same starting line with the international. Printing OLED is an important opportunity for overtaking in China.
Printing OLED as an emerging technology, unilateral input risk is relatively large, Zhuchang Chang believes that should be supported by the national and local common, business participation, through the three parties work together to focus on the national strength, in a relatively short period of time to break through the bottleneck printing OLED technology , keep the international advanced level, and even bend overtaking.
Laser television also has advantages in large-size areas, but it has poor contrast because the projection type is susceptible to external light. According to Ouyang Zhongcan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, most of the products introduced by current manufacturers are laser phosphor technology (ALPD). This is a technology that uses blue light to excite phosphors to produce white light, which solves the problem of the life of projection lamps, but it Is similar to LED technology, it is difficult to overcome the speckle problem of laser phosphor technology. This is also a problem with the current development of laser display.
However, Xu Lixin stated that the laser display has an advantage in the market of 75 inches or more, and China has certain advantages in the elimination of speckles and optical efficiency technologies. The laser display technology should be put into practical use and marketization. Now there is a certain gap between the driver chip and semiconductor light source and foreign countries, and further localization is needed. At the same time, laser display key technologies, such as dissipating spots and color management technologies, must be further applied and productized.
Similarly, Micro LED has a certain potential in the large-size field. Micro LED sets the advantages of low power consumption, high brightness, ultra-high resolution and color saturation, fast response speed, ultra-power saving, long life, high efficiency, etc. Compared with LCD and OLED, Micro LED brightness and color The saturation advantage is very obvious. Tu Menglong, R&D director of Lehman's shares, pointed out that Micro LED's indoor screen brightness can reach 1000~2000nit, and LCD screen brightness can only reach several hundred nits. In addition, Micro LED can use three primary colors or four primary colors and other schemes, the color area covers a wider range, and the display effect is better.
Peng Shuanglang, chairman of AU Optronics, pointed out that Micro LED is a good technology. It combines the very mature technologies of TFT backplane and LED solid-state lighting, and the cost is also greatly reduced. If Micro LED can enter the market several years in advance, it may become the mainstream of the market, but it is very challenging to enter the market now.
Micro LED technology faces many technical challenges. Simon Yang, research assistant manager of LED inside, said that there are many key technologies for micro LED manufacturing. Among them, large-scale transfer technology is the most difficult part in the manufacture of Micro LED, and driver IC, color conversion, and detection Technical bottlenecks such as equipment and uniformity are also to be broken.
Guan Xudong pointed out in an interview that China should focus on non-liquid crystal display technology and strengthen forward-looking technology research and development, especially Micro LED. "Don't underestimate the Micro LED, although its potential threat to the liquid crystal display is still difficult to see clearly, but this possibility exists. Just like the TFT technology of that year, it has just begun to obscure. China from the 80s of last century The beginning of the study of TFT technology was not attended by people at the time and it was very small in the 1990s. However, today's display panel industry has become the world of TFT."
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