Lighting fixtures are commonly known as luminaires and are part of the lighting system. A lighting fixture composed of a light source body and an external structure body for the purpose of arranging light and protecting the light source body, and providing power supply for the light source body. In addition, the luminaire has functions such as preventing glare and pointing light.
First, the lamp type
The lamps have diversified needs and uses, and have aesthetic and design requirements. Therefore, the lighting products are more diversified than other lighting system components such as light sources and ballasts. General lamps can be divided into two types: fixed lamps and movable lamps. Fixed lamps (indoor, outdoor and car) have no plugs and have power cords but need to be wired and installed separately. After the installation, the lamp body is not easy to move. Conversely, portable luminaires (such as in-home luminaires and flashlights) have power cords and plugs that can be plugged into a power outlet so they can be easily moved.
1, fixed luminaire
Fixed fixtures include indoor, industrial, outdoor, and automotive fixtures, each with different product characteristics and applications. Fixed indoor lamps, including wall lamps, ceiling lamps, track lights, chandeliers, emergency lights, etc., are mainly used for indoor lighting of residential, office space, commercial space and other non-residential buildings. At present, the fixed light source uses fluorescent lamps, incandescent lamps and HID lamps, among which fluorescent lamps are widely used in non-residential lighting, while incandescent lamps are mainly used for residential lighting.
Industrial luminaires are used in warehouses, factories and processing equipment to meet mission requirements. This type of product includes low-priced general-purpose lamps and high-priced special lamps. Unlike other luminaires, industrial luminaires have far more functional requirements than aesthetics, and HID lamps have become the main source of industrial luminaires.
Outdoor lighting is mainly used in residential, non-residential, non-building (such as road lighting) to improve user safety and improve the aesthetics of the subject. Because outdoor lighting is poor, outdoor lighting must be sealed to ensure that internal wiring is not affected by moisture or dust. Outdoor lighting types are very diverse, including flood light (spray light, shooting a wide range of diffuse light), street lights and other types. Because HID lamps have high brightness and long life, they are mainly used as outdoor light sources, but other light sources are still used in outdoor lighting.
Automotive lamps are used in a variety of automotive and motor vehicles, including headlights, turn signals, brake lights and taillights. Incandescent lamps are the most important source of light for automotive lighting, but the ratio of HID to LED usage has increased year by year.
2, portable lighting
Portable lamps include table lamps, stand lamps, wall lamps, chandeliers, clip lights, and consumer personal portable lamps such as flashlights and lanterns. Most portable luminaires are used in residential applications and some are used in small commercial settings. Traditionally, portable luminaires use incandescent lamps as the light source and dominate the market, but the ratio of fluorescent lamps to LED lamps is growing rapidly due to energy efficiency considerations.
3, lighting components
Lamp parts include ballasts, switches, control components, sensors, etc., with stabilizers as the main item. The ballast is a medium between the light source and the mains, and can provide functions such as lighting voltage, steady current or voltage transformation. The general power supply type of 110V (220V) AC is not suitable for all lamps. Therefore, there is an intermediate medium between the lamps and the mains. It is responsible for converting the mains into a power source acceptable to the lamp. Type. The creation of the lighting parts market is mainly driven by consumers and businesses replacing old or damaged components, or upgrading the appearance or performance of existing lamps, especially energy efficiency.
Second, the global lighting market
There are many factors affecting the development of the lighting market, including technology, economic environment, population, environmental protection policies and regulations. However, in general, the demand for lighting fixtures increases with the growth of a country's economy. The increase in national income in developing countries is directly proportional to the power supply. As the power supply increases, the more convenient it is, the more lighting needs there are, and the lighting market naturally grows. In addition, with the increase in income and the improvement of living standards, the state's investment in public lighting has also increased, and the people have higher requirements for lighting quality, efficiency and aesthetics, which have contributed to the growth of the lighting market. There is also a non-causal relationship between national income and lighting requirements. In the higher areas of national income, there is usually a larger automobile industry, and the lighting market is growing, which may be related to the huge local automobile production.
In 2008, the global lighting market reached US$9.52 billion, as shown in Figure 1. The cost per person spent on lighting purchases in the world is about $14, but there are huge differences in different regions. The per capita use cost in Japan is $78, and the per capita use cost in Africa is less than $2. Japan’s per capita income and economic conditions are better than those in Africa, which is the main reason for such a big difference. It is estimated that by 2012, the global lighting market will reach US$117.8 billion, with a compound growth rate of 5.3% from 2007 to 2012.
Figure 1 Analysis of the global lighting market
According to the analysis of products, fixed lamps are the main products of the lamp market, and the market share is about 75%. The overall market is expected to grow to $89 billion in 2012, with a compound annual growth rate of 5.3%.
Outdoor fixed luminaires will benefit from road and street construction expenses, especially in developing countries, which are rapidly improving their transportation infrastructure. Automotive lighting is greatly affected by this wave of economic recession, and it is expected that there will be more obvious demand until 2010.
In the portable lighting market segment, the market size is expected to reach US$16 billion in 2012, with a compound annual growth rate of 4.5% and a growth rate lower than the industry average. Since portable luminaires are mostly consumer products, the slowdown in global economic growth will curb the growth in demand for such luminaires.
In the lighting component market segment, the market size is expected to reach US$14 billion in 2012, with a compound annual growth rate of 5.7%, which is higher than the industry average. Energy-saving demand is the driving factor for the growth of demand for lamps and components, especially the increase in the use rate of electronic ballasts, which will be the main driving force for market growth. In addition, as consumers' awareness of lighting quality increases, and the price of related products declines, the demand for optical components such as reflectors and diffusers will increase.
Figure 2 Global lighting products market
LEDs are used in general lighting. Since current needs to be controlled within 350 mA, LED lighting manufacturers tend to customize LED driver IC designs to meet their needs.
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