Recently, the reporter learned from the Xiamen Municipal Construction and Management Bureau that the Xiamen Municipal Five-Year Plan for Building Energy Efficiency, which was jointly prepared by the Construction Bureau and the Municipal Academy of Building Science, has been basically completed. According to the plan, by 2010, the air conditioning, ventilation, lighting, etc. of the new residential and public buildings in the city will achieve the goal of energy saving and energy saving of 65%.
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New building energy saving 65%
The Xiamen Five-Year Plan for Building Energy Efficiency has made specific provisions on Xiamen's building energy-saving development goals, development steps, work priorities and implementation plans for the next five years. Since 2005, urban new residential buildings and public buildings must strictly implement the national energy-saving standards, and achieve the goal of 50% energy saving for total air-conditioning in the whole year. By 2010, we will strive to achieve air-conditioning for new residential buildings and public buildings. Ventilation, lighting and other energy-saving energy-saving targets of 65%.
Completed 1/4 of existing building renovations in 5 years
At the same time as carrying out the energy-saving implementation of new buildings, the renovation of existing buildings will be gradually carried out according to the priority. By 2010, Xiamen City has built 25% of the existing buildings with a total construction volume of 2005. After energy-saving renovation, it must meet the 50% energy saving goal proposed by the relevant national energy-saving design standards.
For rural buildings, according to the low density of the building density in rural areas, the site selection of the building and the layout of the building are relatively unconstrained, the design relies on natural cooling and heat insulation measures and the use of local renewable energy to reduce construction costs. And the goal of achieving 50% energy savings in buildings with low operating costs.
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Central air-conditioning should be energy-efficient acceptance next year
Buildings must use 100% energy-efficient lighting in the following year
Lin Shu, deputy director of the Xiamen Municipal Construction Bureau, said that the focus of building energy conservation lies in the use of lighting, ventilation, orientation, energy-saving materials and the use of renewable energy. Therefore, starting from the planning and design, the site selection, building density, and floor area ratio of the building must be planned. In the design process, the energy-saving wall materials of the external protection structure are used according to the energy-saving standards, and at the same time, the solar energy and the geothermal energy are used intensively, and the building meets the energy-saving standard step by step.
Fully disable solid bricks from next year
Since 2005, the thermal performance index of the external protective structure of new residential buildings and new public buildings in urban areas should reach the “Design Standards for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Summer and Warm Winter†and the Design Standards for Energy Efficiency of Public Buildings.
According to the plan, since 2005, Xiamen City has established and implemented the certification, elimination and restriction of energy-saving indicators for wall, roofing materials and glass and sunshade products; established and implemented the thermal recovery performance of materials to witness the sampling and re-inspection system. Strictly implement the thermal index of materials; the external protective members of residential buildings, public buildings and their ancillary facilities newly built and rebuilt in urban areas should all adopt energy-certified materials. In the aspect of roofing materials, it advocates the use of energy-saving materials such as polystyrene board, cement polystyrene board, polyurethane foam and perlite; in the aspect of wall materials, it advocates the use of externally attached polystyrene board or polyurethane hard foam, aerated concrete. Energy-saving materials such as concrete hollow blocks.
Since 2006, the construction of new buildings in cities has completely banned the use of solid clay bricks produced by deforestation.
New central air conditioning must save energy
Since 2006, the central air-conditioning system newly built and rebuilt in Xiamen City requires full implementation of the relevant national standards for the energy-saving energy efficiency ratio proposed by air-conditioning units, and the selection of equipment with energy efficiency ratio higher than the energy-saving limit.
According to the plan, since 2006, the central air-conditioning system project for urban energy-saving renovation has been implemented. The acceptance data shall include a field test report of the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning system issued by the inspection unit with relevant qualifications.
Since 2006, the energy efficiency ratio of household air conditioners purchased by state-owned governments must meet the energy-saving requirements of Room Air Conditioner Energy Efficiency Limits and Energy Efficiency Ratings. By 2006, the “Management Measures for Energy-saving Operation of Building Air Conditioning and Ventilation Equipment in Xiamen City†was completed and fully implemented.
Building ventilation design is included in the review
Since 2006, the project community layout and building single energy-saving design excellent program selection activities will be carried out in a planned manner, and the “Guidelines for Xiamen City Building Natural Ventilation Energy-saving Design Guidelines†will be researched and formulated.
Since 2007, the building's natural ventilation design has been included in the design review. The building energy-saving design and construction drawing review department shall review the community layout, building orientation, floor plan design and actual natural ventilation effect of the newly-built building according to the “Design Regulations for Energy-saving Design of Natural Ventilation of Buildings in Xiamen City†to ensure the construction of new buildings. The four seasons can achieve good natural ventilation, no ventilation dead angles, and good air circulation between the building communities.
Policies encourage the use of energy-saving technologies
Actively create and implement the application conditions of gas air conditioning, triple supply technology and ice storage technology in Xiamen.
Actively promote the use of non-electric air-conditioning equipment and air-conditioning cold storage technology, and introduce relevant policies to encourage residents to use gas air-conditioning, and encourage large office buildings to use ice storage technology in central air-conditioning systems.
Gas-fired air-conditioning refers to an air-conditioning system directly driven by natural gas, that is, a gas-fired direct-fired engine directly drives an air-conditioning compressor for cooling and heating; triple supply is a technology of cogeneration of heat and power, which can construct a thermal network of thermal power plants. Absorption type cooling and heating or gas turbine power generation in the community, and use the waste heat of power generation to drive the air conditioning unit for cooling and heating; gas air conditioning and triple supply technology have good economic and energy saving effects, and primary energy utilization efficiency is About 80%, much higher than the electric refrigeration and air conditioning system, and because both of them use natural gas, liquefied petroleum or city gas as energy, in addition to alleviating the pressure of urban power load shortage, it also has the advantage of pollution-free emissions.
Ice storage is a three-stage energy conversion process of electricity-ice-cold. It is not energy-saving technology itself, but its greatest significance is reflected in the peaking and filling of power supply and the reduction of equipment capacity. The contradiction between the power shortage in the peak section of power consumption in Xiamen and the overcapacity in the valley is very prominent. It is imperative to improve the tension of power supply and the power load environment. Ice storage technology can well meet this demand.
Promote solar water heating system from next year
The use of solar water heating systems and heat pump hot water systems is promoted in new urban buildings.
Since 2005, it has systematically organized research and implementation demonstrations on complete sets of technologies for solar heating and heat pump heating, integrating solar water heating systems with architectural style and building renovation, system equipment installation reliability and durability, and heat. Water centralized supply of household billing, all-weather constant temperature water supply and other aspects of the equipment selection and program optimization research, the formation of several alternative optimization programs, and pilot projects. The flat-to-slope reconstruction project should be organically combined with the application of solar water heating system; from 2006 onwards, the experience will be summed up on the basis of the pilot, the technical guidelines for the combination of solar energy utilization system and construction will be formulated, and the solar water heating system and heat pump type will be developed. The promotion of hot water system engineering; by 2010, households using solar hot water and heat pump hot water account for 30% of urban households.
With the formation of photovoltaic cells produced by solar amorphous silicon and amorphous silicon on metal plates and the mass production of products, the cost reduction has enabled us to use solar power to design large metal roofs and metal curtain walls. . Since 2009, we have actively studied the use of solar power in the construction of our city.
100% use of energy-efficient lighting in new buildings
The energy consumption control of building lighting is an integral part of building energy-saving work. According to statistics, China's annual lighting power consumption accounts for about 13% of the total power generation, and it is mainly based on low-efficiency lighting. The ratio of energy-saving lamps to non-energy-saving lamps is 1 :7, the energy saving potential is great.
Since 2006, the architectural lighting design of Xiamen City should enforce the national design standards for building light environment and the product standards for energy-saving lamps. The lighting of public buildings and public parts of residential buildings should be effectively managed. In combination with the actual situation of Xiamen City, the study compiled and promulgated "Xiamen City Building Lighting Energy-saving Design Standards" and "Xiamen City Building Lighting Energy-saving Operation Management Measures"; and adopted administrative means to regulate the market and limit non-energy-saving products that do not meet the requirements of energy-saving standards. Sales on the Xiamen market.
Since 2007, the use rate of architectural lighting energy-saving supporting products in the public buildings, new public housing and fine-decorated residential buildings in Xiamen should reach 100%.
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How to transform existing buildings?
The energy-saving renovation work of existing buildings is difficult. On the one hand, there is a contradiction between the huge construction area that needs to be reconstructed and the lack of funding sources for reconstruction. Since the construction area of ​​Xiamen City before 2005 has reached 60 million square meters, these buildings are basically unable to meet the requirements of 50% energy saving, so they need to be reformed. The building area is huge and it requires a lot of renovation funds. On the other hand, the transformation work is in contradiction with the state of use of existing buildings. Since the transformation work mainly involves the external protective structure of the building and the ventilation of the indoor building, air-conditioning lighting equipment, etc., the implementation of the transformation work will inevitably affect the normal production and living order of the people in the building, which will cause great difficulties for the transformation work.
Therefore, in early 2006, Xiamen City will organize relevant units to actively carry out research on existing building renovation work, set up an existing building energy conservation research group, and use the questionnaire survey and selected visits to maintain the total number of existing buildings in Xiamen. The quality status, energy consumption status, thermal parameters of external protective components and energy efficiency of construction equipment were investigated, and the energy-saving transformation methods were classified and planned.
For the residential buildings with lower standards and better construction sites built before 1990, the demolition and construction methods shall be implemented. Others may consider the implementation of the transformation on the original basis, and propose specific transformation plans. The renovation project should be Organic integration of energy-saving renovation of existing buildings; at the same time, in-depth study of the funding environment for energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, research and formulation of economic incentive policies and measures, and research and establishment of "special funds for energy-saving renovation of existing buildings."
At the end of 2006, the “Xiamen City Existing Building Energy Conservation Reform Lawâ€, “Xiamen City Existing Building Energy Conservation Economic Incentive Policyâ€, “Xiamen City Existing Building Energy Saving Transformation Implementation Outline†and “Xiamen City Existing Building Energy Saving Transformation Technology†were formulated and issued. The “Guidelines†and other batches of laws and regulations on the implementation of building renovation.
From 2008 to 2010, the existing building energy-saving renovation work was carried out in full, and the annual transformation area was 2.5 million square meters. By 2010, the existing buildings with a total construction capacity of 25% by the city before 2005 should reach the goal of 50% energy saving proposed by the relevant national energy-saving design standards after energy-saving renovation.
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