The first experience in the acoustic design of private theaters is the spatial proportion, a three-dimensional space consisting of length, width and height. Generally, we avoid the acoustic characteristics of the audiovisual space in which the dimensions are multiplied. The acoustic characteristics of the audiovisual space are very bad. Generally, when the spatial ratio cannot be changed, it is necessary to increase the sound absorption and various related acoustic props to correct.
Usually a good space-consistent audio-visual room can greatly reduce standing wave and acoustic dyeing on the basis of hard space. A room has three dimensions of length, width and height and has a minimum resonant frequency in each direction. The actual minimum resonant frequency in the room is determined by the length of the room and its wavelength is equal to twice the length of the room. For a room of 6m in length, when the speed of sound is 344m / s (room temperature 20 ° C), the lowest resonant frequency in the room is about 29Hz, which is the lowest frequency that can produce effective sound in the room. Even if the audio equipment can emit sound below the lowest resonance frequency, since it cannot form half a wavelength in the room and does not satisfy the resonance condition, it cannot generate resonance, and there is not enough effective sound pressure, so it is not optimal. effect.
The three-dimensional size of the room determines the presence of three fundamental natural resonant frequencies and harmonics that are integer multiples of the frequency of the three fundamental natural resonant frequencies that interfere with each other as they propagate through the room, creating a complex combined resonant frequency. Acoustically, the room can be regarded as a resonator. When the frequency of the sound source is consistent with the natural resonant frequency (normal frequency) determined by the three-dimensional size of the room, a standing wave will be formed and resonance will occur, which is the phenomenon of acoustic resonance. Sound field uniformity, acoustic staining, and frequency irregularities in the audio-visual room are all related to acoustic resonance. This resonance will add the color of the room's acoustic resonance to the original signal, causing sound pollution. Generally speaking, the loudness of a certain frequency or a certain frequency in the middle and low frequency is excessively strengthened, and the squeaking sound causes the signal reproduction loudness imbalance in this frequency band, which will greatly affect the listening effect. As for the high frequency band, the resonance distribution is relatively uniform, and the sound and dyeing is small, which is not enough to affect the overall listening effect. Therefore, the focus should be considered on the influence of the middle and low frequency bands.
In order to avoid or attenuate this harmful acoustic dyeing, the resonance frequency is evenly distributed, and a prominent isolated segment or a certain frequency resonant mode is avoided, and one method is to reasonably change the three-dimensional size of the room. It is conceivable to change the three-dimensional dimensions by appropriate interior decoration, making partition walls, ceilings or even removing some of the non-bearing walls (this rational transformation also takes into account the structural safety factors of the building, such as the intention to demolish a certain wall, It is best to ask for advice from construction professionals). Simply put, this is consistent with the principle of selecting the internal three-dimensional size when designing the speaker, that is, the length, width, and height cannot be integer multiples or too close. The specific sound field resonance modes, calculation formulas and related data are not listed one by one. Please refer to the related acoustic books if necessary.
The other method is more reluctant, that is, it can be reasonably arranged while keeping the original three-dimensional size of the room, and the appropriate sound absorbing material is used to increase the interface damping of the wall surface, the floor, etc., so that a certain frequency band of the resonance is resonated. The intensity is reduced, and the resonance peak is flattened and widened, thereby reducing the effect of harmful resonance on the overall sound effect. However, this method has limited effectiveness and is only suitable for cases where the harmful resonance intensity is not large. Because if you want to strengthen the sound absorbing material to reduce the strong harmful resonance, it will also shorten the reverberation time, which will also make the sense of hearing worse, making the playback sound become dead, lack of color and anger. Between this, we need to use the scientific attitude and practical experience in the process of building sound to perfect the deficiencies in the acoustic design of private cinema.
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