The role of electronics plays an increasingly important role in protecting the safety of drivers and pedestrians. Although the on-board safety system has a “protection and safety†function to prevent collisions, it can minimize the damage during traffic accidents and has the ability to prevent accidents in advance, and these functions can be controlled through some major electronic components.
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Often, "collision protection systems" in automobiles require high speed, low noise, and high reliability microcontrollers (MCUs).
The value of the "collision protection system" in automobiles is increasing. In order to minimize the risk of accidents, a collision protection system must be used. The most representative example is the airbag. When the system detects a collision, the gas generating device will start and ignite, and the airbag will use the generated air to expand rapidly, and the passenger is immediately protected, and the collision energy is absorbed. This series of actions must be completed in about 200ms.
Since the 1980s, airbags have become a luxury car accessory, and it has become the standard equipment for most cars. The airbag can be installed in a variety of positions and shapes, not only in the instrument panel in front of the driver's seat, but also in the airbags on the side of the body and the door.
The airbag control system must continuously obtain information from two or more impact detection sensors and acceleration sensors mounted on the instrument panel and sides at a fixed cycle. This detection process must be repeated hundreds of times per second over a period of hundreds of microseconds. This detection of "no collision" information to prevent the airbag from being detonated by a negligible impact is a very important step. When it is detected that a collision of the airbag must be detonated, the MCU should be able to immediately determine which airbag is triggered, how to open the airbag, and ignite the gas generating device. This operation must be started in a few milliseconds and completed in tens of milliseconds. Airbag control systems require high-speed MCUs, as the number of corresponding sensors continues to increase, the number of collisions that must be covered is increasing, and the variety and number of airbags continues to increase.
Because the airbag control system is located in the center of the car, the radiation noise must be low enough to not affect the normal operation of the radio, television and car navigation system. The system must be highly reliable because it directly affects the life of the car.
Key components of car safety
In the future, the “protection and safety†of automobiles will become more and more important, and it can be used to prevent possible accidents in advance.
ABS brake systems and vehicle dynamics control (VDC) functions for body stability control have long been commercialized. According to statistics, 80%~90% of traffic accidents are caused by drivers' judgment errors. Future key in-vehicle safety systems can avoid traffic accidents by transmitting road information from information and navigation systems (such as sensors and car cameras) to drivers to reduce this misjudgment. The practical application of road information warning systems such as collision warning systems, LDWS (lane departure warning systems) and navigation systems will become more widespread.
LSIs that support FlexRay, LSIs that process images of in-vehicle cameras, and LSIs that synchronize with navigation systems are key components of future in-vehicle security systems.
FlexRay network
FlexRay, a key technology supporting future in-vehicle safety systems, has received significant industry attention. Compared with the current mainstream CAN, FlexRay has the characteristics of high speed and high reliability. FlexRay plays an important role in building in-vehicle electronic control systems for controlling steering wheel, brakes and body stability. This electronic control system is part of the future in-vehicle safety system. In response to this trend, Renesas is planning to develop SiP components that integrate MCUs and bus drivers in a single package.
Car camera image processing technology
Another technology that supports future in-vehicle security systems is the image processing technology of in-vehicle cameras. Through a variety of sensors already installed in automobiles, such as car distance sensors and weather sensors, cameras with image processing technology will be able to handle the image processing functions of future car cameras.
In addition, lane and vehicle identification cameras, infrared cameras, rear view cameras, and blind spot detection cameras have also been widely installed and used, which together constitute the future in-vehicle safety system. In order to improve safety, a car may be equipped with more than 10 cameras, such as the doze detection warning function of the in-vehicle surveillance camera, and the lane departure warning system that uses the surveillance camera to guide, and is also being developed by the car manufacturer.
Image processing technology is needed here. The image signal from the camera must be processed and the necessary signals output. Vehicle forward and lanes can be detected by analyzing the edge portion of the image. A lane departure warning can be issued by detecting the lane image.
Synchronize with the navigation system
For driving, a “protective and safe†system that provides road condition information and alerts is very important. When the electronic control system in the car detects the change of the road information, the road information and the map information built into the car will be transmitted to the driving. At this time, the car actually travels on the road and receives the positioning information from the GPS, so the driver can Get valid navigation alerts. Next, if the road has been repaired, the system will issue corrections to the driver again.
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