Mobile payment, also known as mobile payment, is a service that allows users to use their mobile terminals (usually mobile phones) to pay for goods or services they consume. Units or individuals send payment instructions directly or indirectly to bank financial institutions through mobile devices, the Internet or proximity sensing, generating currency payment and fund transfer behaviors, thereby realizing mobile payment functions.
Now Apple and Samsung are targeting China Mobile's big cake. After Apple's mobile payment function Pay opens its way to China, Samsung's mobile payment function, Samsung Pay, will also enter the Chinese market, but in China, mobile payment is made by Alibaba. The current situation of Alipay and Tencent’s WeChat payment control will be a smooth road?
From credit card to brush mobile phone payment mobile phone giant to enter mobile payment
A male customer took a shopping cart full of goods in the supermarket and walked to the checkout counter. He just took out the iPhone 6 mobile phone and “reliance†on the POS machine, and he swayed and swayed like a thief. . If you see this scene in the future, you should not shout "Catch the thief!" because he has already paid for it with Pay on his mobile phone.
Pay is a mobile payment feature of Apple. In October 2014, the Pay service was officially launched in the United States. At the recent World Developers Conference (WWDC) in 2015, Apple announced that Pay will enter the UK market in July, and the UK became the second country to support Pay after the United States. By the fall of this year, 70% of the UK's debit and credit card markets will support Pay, more than 250,000 UK stores will support Pay, and even the future London bus system will support Pay, which users can use to pay directly. At the same time, Apple is also actively engaging with relevant departments in China to try to open the situation in China.
After Apple launched Pay, its old rival Samsung also released a mobile payment service, Samsung Pay, at the Mobile World Congress in March this year, and said that Samsung Pay will land in the US and South Korea during the “September time periodâ€. Then push this service to the Chinese and European markets.
Near field communication technology
Pay is different from Alipay. Although it is the same as mobile payment, both Pay and Samsung Pay's mobile payment implementation is based on NFC technology, which is completely different from Alipay and WeChat payment Internet-based payment methods.
"The so-called NFC technology is near-field communication technology, which is a short-range high-frequency wireless communication technology that allows non-contact point-to-point data transmission and exchange between electronic devices." NFC technical expert, Secretary-General of China Smart City Industry Innovation Alliance Sun Yi Laughing that two devices containing NFC chips are put together, and the two will magnetically couple through the NFC antenna to generate a current signal, stimulate the NFC chip to release relevant data and password information, and exchange data through the 13.56 MHz radio frequency band. .
Specifically, how does Pay complete the payment? Wang Yanhui, secretary general of the Mobile China Alliance, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that there is a security zone in the Apple mobile phone processor. Pay will keep confidential information, including personal credit card, savings card number, and personal fingerprint information. The copy is stored in this security zone, and then the data is exchanged through the NFC chip built in the mobile phone and the NFC chip of the POS machine to complete the payment.
The user only needs to put his finger on the fingerprint recognition sensor of the mobile phone, and then close the mobile phone to the POS machine, and then the payment can be completed, and the payment confirmation and transaction details can be seen on the mobile phone, and the whole process is very simple and convenient. Samsung's Samsung Pay is similar in terms of payment principle.
The road to China is not smooth
Pay faced multiple difficulties. In fact, as soon as Pay was released, Apple’s helm, Cook, had visited China several times, visited the Chinese government, operators, and e-commerce. During the period, there was a gossip that Pay would enter China in April this year. But in the end it didn't come true.
Wang Yanhui pointed out that Apple Pay entered China and there is no technical problem. Among the tens of millions of POS machines currently in existence in China, more than 4 million POS machines already have NFC chips. As long as UnionPay agrees to open this function of POS machines, it can support mobile payment. However, hundreds of financial institutions in the United States have reached an agreement with Pay, and large banks and other card issuers will give Apple a 0.15% share of each credit card transaction amount. This means that coming to China Pay will grab the benefits with UnionPay, unless Apple is willing to give up some of the benefits, it is difficult for UnionPay to cooperate with it. According to people familiar with the matter, since both Apple and China UnionPay are relatively strong, cooperation has not been negotiated.
In addition to the game of interests of all parties, Pay and Samsung Pay are facing other challenges in entering the domestic market.
At present, China Mobile's payment market Alipay accounts for nearly 80% of the company's share, and Tencent's 2015 WeChat data released recently showed that as of the first quarter of this year, WeChat monthly active users have reached 549 million, of which the number of WeChat payment users has reached 4 About 100 million yuan, the life consumption scale directly driven by WeChat has reached 11 billion yuan. Domestic mobile payments are basically settled by the two Internet giants, Alibaba and Tencent.
In addition, the use of NFC technology to achieve mobile payment has failed in China. As early as Apple and Samsung competed in China, the three major telecom operators in China had assembled upstream and downstream industries to promote NFC payments, such as the launch of Beijing in 2013. The NFC mobile phone card, brush mobile phone can take the bus and subway, to achieve supermarket shopping and payment, etc., but also in the thunder and heavy rain, the small and medium-sized drums have been difficult to open the market for several years.
User group is the biggest chip NFC payment popularization time, how can Pay and Samsung Pay's NFC payment compare with Alipay and WeChat payment already sitting on the mountain?
Wang Yanhui said that the biggest chip for Apple and Samsung to enter the domestic market is its mobile phone user base. According to the predictions of third-party research institutions, Apple's iPhone sales in Greater China in the first quarter of this year will be between 18 million and 20 million units, which will surpass the US to become the largest shipment market for Apple's iPhone. The latest iPhones are pre-installed with Pay applications, Apple. User loyalty is relatively high. This means that Apple has the advantage of the number of users. In addition, Pay not only supports online but also offline, and Alipay, WeChat payment, etc. can not be used offline, and in terms of operation, Pay is also simpler and faster.
But at this stage, only the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus, as well as watch, are supported for Pay. Samsung also only supports Samsung Pay with the latest flagship models Galaxy S6 and Galaxy S6 Edge. Supported models are limited and cannot be used across platforms, so it will take time to develop.
From online shopping, online transfer, to paying water and electricity bills, recharging mobile phones... Now people use Alipay and WeChat payment has become a habit. Observers pointed out that WeChat payment, Alipay, etc. have cultivated large-scale users. The mobile payment form of such Internet companies is not limited to operators' networks and mobile phone brands, so the threshold for consumers is lower. In contrast, NFC payments involve a variety of powers such as smartphone models, banks, chip makers, POS terminals, card organizations and industry regulators. The benefits are complex and the threshold for popularization is high.
"It takes a process to change people's concept of payment." Sun Yixiao said that this is like the passbook used by people in the early 1990s. Later, the country implemented bank cards. Many people did not understand that bank cards were not safe because they used If you pass the passbook, you will have a record of depositing or spending each money, and the bank card will not. It took five or six years to actually make the bank card universal. "Now the penetration rate of NFC mobile phones in China is still not high, and it will take some time to realize large-scale NFC mobile payment applications."
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